Browsing by Author "Khwunjit Itsarasook"

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    A Study of the Optimal Conditions for Extracting and Precipitating Silica from Rice Husk Using the Hydrothermal Method in a Base Medium
    (Research and Development Institute Suan Dusit University, 2024) Orapin Komutiban; Jantharat Wutisatwongkul; Sorasutee Buapool; Khwunjit Itsarasook; Piyanuch Prompamorn; Jittarawadee Tanghiranra; Piyaporn Waranusantigul; J. Wutisatwongkul; Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Dusit University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand; email: jantharat_wut@dusit.ac.th
    This research investigated the extraction and precipitation methods of silica from rice husk using hydrothermal treatment under basic conditions. It was observed that by subjecting raw rice husk and black rice husk ash to burnt at a temperature of 700¡C for 6 hr raw rice husk yielded 10.68%, while black rice husk yielded 85.40%. The optimal condition for extracting silica is 1 molar of sodium hydroxide at a temperature of 100¡C for 6 hr. Silica extracted from raw materials that have undergone acid pretreatment yields a higher quantity compared to silica from untreated raw materials. However, the raw rice husk, burnt raw rice husk, black rice husk ash and burnt black rice husk ash have silica % of 16.20, 77.60, 63.10 and 89.0, respectively. When the extracted silica was analyzed for its physical characteristics using an inverted microscope, it was observed that silica subjected to acid pretreatment exhibits uniformly sized particles. The examination of particle size using the extraction method revealed that the silica particles were smaller than 53 _m and when all extracted silica was analyzed for functional groups using the FT-IR technique, the siloxane group (Si-O-Si) was found in the wavenumber range of 1,090-801 cm-_. Additionally, the hydroxyl group (-OH) was observed at the wavenumber of 3,400 cm-_. After conducting BrunauerÐEmmettÐTeller Analysis (BET analysis) on silica obtained from burnt rice husk and burnt black rice husk ash, both untreated and treated with HCl, it was found that the pore diameter of the extracted silica ranged from 8.14 to 19.15 nm. This suggests that the silica possesses mesoporous characteristics. Furthermore, the acid-leached silica exhibited a decrease in particle size and an increase in surface area. Specifically, the silica derived from burnt rice husk and treated with HCl demonstrated particle size and surface area values that closely resembled those of commercial-grade silica. When studying the effectiveness of silica in adsorbing methylene blue, the findings showed that the extracted silica demonstrates better adsorption capability for methy lene blue compared to commercial silica. The adsorption values ranged from 1302.49 to 1706.35 mg MB/g, representing 65.78-86.17%. From the investigation of the isotherm for methylene blue adsorption with the extracted silica, it is evident that the adsorption conforms to Freundlich model, indicating a multilayer adsorption behaviour. The method of extracting and precipitating silica through hydrothermal treatment under basic conditions proves to be an effective approach for preparing micro-sized silica particles. © 2024, Research and Development Institute Suan Dusit University. All rights reserved.
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    A Study of the Optimal Conditions for Extracting and Precipitating Silica from Rice Husk Using the Hydrothermal Method in a Base Medium
    (Graphicsite, 2024-04-30) Orapin Komutiban; Jantharat Wutisatwongkul; Sorasutee Buapool; Khwunjit Itsarasook; Piyanuch Prompamorn; Jittarawadee Tanghiranra; Piyaporn Waranusantigul
    This research investigated the extraction and precipitation methods of silica from rice husk using hydrothermal treatment under basic conditions. It was observed that by subjecting raw rice husk and black rice husk ash to burnt at a temperature of 700°C for 6 hr raw rice husk yielded 10.68%, while black rice husk yielded 85.40%. The optimal condition for extracting silica is 1 molar of sodium hydroxide at a temperature of 100°C for 6 hr. Silica extracted from raw materials that have undergone acid pretreatment yields a higher quantity compared to silica from untreated raw materials. However, the raw rice husk, burnt raw rice husk, black rice husk ash and burnt black rice husk ash have silica % of 16.20, 77.60, 63.10 and 89.0, respectively. When the extracted silica was analyzed for its physical characteristics using an inverted microscope, it was observed that silica subjected to acid pretreatment exhibits uniformly sized particles. The examination of particle size using the extraction method revealed that the silica particles were smaller than 53 μm and when all extracted silica was analyzed for functional groups using the FT-IR technique, the siloxane group (Si-O-Si) was found in the wavenumber range of 1,090-801 cm-¹. Additionally, the hydroxyl group (-OH) was observed at the wavenumber of 3,400 cm-¹. After conducting Brunauer–Emmett–Teller Analysis (BET analysis) on silica obtained from burnt rice husk and burnt black rice husk ash, both untreated and treated with HCl, it was found that the pore diameter of the extracted silica ranged from 8.14 to 19.15 nm. This suggests that the silica possesses mesoporous characteristics. Furthermore, the acid-leached silica exhibited a decrease in particle size and an increase in surface area. Specifically, the silica derived from burnt rice husk and treated with HCl demonstrated particle size and surface area values that closely resembled those of commercial-grade silica. When studying the effectiveness of silica in adsorbing methylene blue, the findings showed that the extracted silica demonstrates better adsorption capability for methy lene blue compared to commercial silica. The adsorption values ranged from 1302.49 to 1706.35 mg MB/g, representing 65.78-86.17%. From the investigation of the isotherm for methylene blue adsorption with the extracted silica, it is evident that the adsorption conforms to Freundlich model, indicating a multilayer adsorption behaviour. The method of extracting and precipitating silica through hydrothermal treatment under basic conditions proves to be an effective approach for preparing micro-sized silica particles.
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    Antioxidant Activities and Cytotoxicity Effect on Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyces Extracts and W/O/W Emulsion Loaded Extract for Cosmetic Applications
    (Research and Development Institute Suan Dusit University, 2023) Khwunjit Itsarasook; Piyanuch Prompamorn; Jittarawadee Tanghiranrat; Kanlayaporn Chantree; Itsaret Itsarasuk; K. Itsarasook; Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Dusit University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand; email: khwunjit_its@dusit.ac.th
    The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity effect on normal human dermal fibroblasts of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx extracts and to load with the roselle extract in the inner phase of water in oil in water multiple emulsion for application in facial cosmetic. The extracts of dried roselle calyces were prepared by a maceration technique using ethanol/water at concentrations of 30%, 70%, 95% and 0% (100% DI water). Obtained results showed that the 30% ethanolic extract had a higher amount of total phenolic and anthocyanin content than other extracts. According to the DPPH and ABTS assays, the 30% ethanolic extract exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant activity higher than other extracts with an IC50 value of 0.432±0.001 mg/mL and 0.0855±0.01 mg/mL, respectively. The formulation of water in oil in water multiple emulsion containing the roselle calyx extract was prepared by a beaker method with two-step emulsification. The prepared multiple emulsion showed a light pink color with homogeneously formula. The physiochemical stability of the prepared formula was evaluated at accelerated conditions; room temperature (30±5¡C), low temperature (4±1¡C) and high temperature (40±1¡C) for 30 days and 6 cycles of freeze (-25¡C, 24 h)-thaw (4¡C, 24 h). Results found that the tested formula showed a good physicochemical stability compared to the initial condition. All finding suggests possible application for the 30% ethanolic extract of roselle calyces as a natural active ingredient in skin cosmetic products. © 2023, Research and Development Institute Suan Dusit University. All rights reserved.
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    Antioxidant Activities and Cytotoxicity Effect on Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyces Extracts and W/O/W Emulsion Loaded Extract for Cosmetic Applications
    (Graphicsite, 2023-11-11) Khwunjit Itsarasook; Piyanuch Prompamorn; Jittarawadee Tanghiranrat; Kanlayaporn Chantree; Itsaret Itsarasuk
    The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity effect on normal human dermal fibroblasts of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx extracts and to load with the roselle extract in the inner phase of water in oil in water multiple emulsion for application in facial cosmetic. The extracts of dried roselle calyces were prepared by a maceration technique using ethanol/water at concentrations of 30%, 70%, 95% and 0% (100% DI water). Obtained results showed that the 30% ethanolic extract had a higher amount of total phenolic and anthocyanin content than other extracts. According to the DPPH and ABTS assays, the 30% ethanolic extract exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant activity higher than other extracts with an IC50 value of 0.432±0.001 mg/mL and 0.0855±0.01 mg/mL, respectively. The formulation of water in oil in water multiple emulsion containing the roselle calyx extract was prepared by a beaker method with twostep emulsification. The prepared multiple emulsion showed a light pink color with homogeneously formula. The physiochemical stability of the prepared formula was evaluated at accelerated conditions; room temperature (30±5ºC), low temperature (4±1ºC) and high temperature (40±1ºC) for 30 days and 6 cycles of freeze (-25ºC, 24 h)-thaw (4ºC, 24 h). Results found that the tested formula showed a good physicochemical stability compared to the initial condition. All finding suggests possible application for the 30% ethanolic extract of roselle calyces as a natural active ingredient in skin cosmetic products.
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    Artocarpin-enriched extract reverses collagen metabolism in UV-exposed fibroblasts
    (Versita, 2014) Khwunjit Itsarasook; Kornkanok Ingkaninan; Jarupa Viyoch; J. Viyoch; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; email: jarupav@nu.ac.th
    In previous studies, the Artocarpus incisus extract containing 45% w/w artocarpin showed activities of antioxidation, antimelanogenesis and restoration of wrinkled-skin fibroblasts. Here, extract containing 90% w/w artocarpin was tested for its antioxidant activity and in ultraviolet (UV) A-irradiated fibroblasts, its ability to restore type I collagen and inhibit matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) elevation. This extract was a less effective antioxidant of EC50 of 116.0 ± 5.1 _g/mL than L-ascorbic acid (9.7 ± 0.01 _g/mL). The extract (0.625-50 _g/mL) showed no cytotoxicity toward primary human skin fibroblasts. MMP-1 was markedly elevated at 72 h after UVA irradiation compared to non-irradiation cells (p < 0.01). This UVA-induced elevation was inhibited by 50 _g/mL extract or 50 ng/mL all-trans retinoic acid. In an aged and sun-exposed skin tissue culture model, the increase of epidermal thickness in the 250 _g/mL artocarpin-enriched extract or 75 _g/mL all-trans retinoic acid-treated group when compared to the non-treated group was markedly observed since day 1 of treatment. Moreover, the extract or all-trans retinoic acid-treated groups exhibited higher density of immunofluorescence staining of type I collagen than non-treated group. This coincides with significantly higher (p < 0.05) collagen content, as indicated by measuring hydroxyproline. Our results firstly revealed that the artocarpin-enriched extract reversed the activities of UVA-irradiated fibroblasts and improved the type I collagen deposition in aged/photoaged skin. © 2014 Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Wien.
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    Ethanol extract of Terminalia chebula fruit protects against UVB-induced skin damage
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2016) Swanya Yakaew; Khwunjit Itsarasook; Jatuporn Ngoenkam; Arum Jessadayannamaetha; Jarupa Viyoch; Malyn Ungsurungsie; M. Ungsurungsie; Research & Development Division, S & J International Enterprises Public Company Limited, Bangkok, Thailand; email: malynthai@gmail.com
    Context: The fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz. (Combretaceae) has been used for several therapeutic purposes in Thai folk medicines. Currently, the ethanol extracts containing antioxidant compounds have shown the ability to promote collagen synthesis. Objective: This purpose of this work was to study the effects of the ethanol extract from T. chebula fruit on the inhibition of cutaneous photodamage. Materials and methods: The viability of human skin fibroblasts after incubation with T. chebula at concentration 0.5�50 _g/mL for 24, 48 and 72 h was assessed by using sodium 3_-[(phenyl-amino)-carbonyl]-3,4,tetrazolium-bis(4-methoxy-6-notro)benzene-sulphonic acid hydrate (XTT). The levels of type I procollagen and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-1 and MMP-13 produced by UVB-irradiated fibroblasts were determined by ELISA. Skin thickness and collagen content caused by long-term UVB irradiation in male ICR mice were determined from haematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections and spectrophotometric measurement of hydroxyproline. Results: The extract (0.5�50 _g/mL) had no effect on cell viability or morphology of the human fibroblasts. In vitro studies showed that the T. chebula extract reduced the UVB-induced MMP-1 and MMP-13 expression, whereas an increased production of type I procollagen was observed. In a UVB-irradiated animal model, male ICR mice with hair shaved were chronically exposed to UVB which lead to epidermal thickness and loss of hydroxyproline. However, these effects were fully prevented by the topical application of the T. chebula ethanol extract. Discussion and conclusion: These data suggested that the T. chebula ethanol fruit extract is an efficacious pharmaceutical protectant of skin against photodamage. � 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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    Evaluation of Terminalia chebula Retz. Extract Against Caries-associated Bacteria as an Alternative Compound for Oral Care Products
    (Research and Development Institute Suan Dusit University, 2022) Piyanuch Prompamorn; Khwunjit Itsarasook; Jitrawadee Tanghiranrat; Chanchai Tripetch; Kanlayaporn Chantree; P. Prompamorn; Faculty of Science and Technology, Suphanburi Campus, Suan Dusit University, Suphanburi, 72000, Thailand; email: Piyanuch_pro@dusit.ac.th
    The objective of this study was to investigate the efficiency of Terminalia chebula Retz. fruit extract for further use as an active ingredient in oral care products. The quantification of major constituent, the antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity of an extract against Streptococcus mutans in both planktonic and biofilm form were measured. The results showed that ellagic acid was the major constituent of an extract and the amount of ellagic acid contained in the extract was 36.671 mg/g. The extract exhibit free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 0.44±0.01 mg/mL by DPPH assay. For antibacterial activity against S. mutans, T. chebula Retz. extract possess high inhibitory effect on S. mutans in both planktonic form and biofilm form. The MIC50 and MBC value of an extract against planktonic form of S. mutans were 0.47±0.28 and 6.25 mg/mL, respectively. For biofilm form of S. mutans, the extract has a high capability to preventing biofilm formation and eradicating the existing biofilm. The MBIC50 and MBEC50 of an extract against biofilm form of S. mutants were 4.47±0.32 and 9.64±0.39 mg/mL, respectively. © 2022, Research and Development Institute Suan Dusit University. All rights reserved.
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    Evaluation of Terminalia chebula Retz. Extract Against Caries-associated Bacteria as an Alternative Compound for Oral Care Products
    (Graphicsite, 2023-09-26) Piyanuch Prompamorn; Khwunjit Itsarasook; Jitrawadee Tanghiranra; Chanchai Tripetch; Kanlayaporn Chantree
    The objective of this study was to investigate the efficiency of Terminalia chebula Retz. fruit extract for further use as an active ingredient in oral care products. The quantification of major constituent, the antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity of an extract against Streptococcus mutans in both planktonic and biofilm form were measured. The results showed that ellagic acid was the major constituent of an extract and the amount of ellagic acid contained in the extract was 36.671 mg/g. The extract exhibit free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 0.44±0.01 mg/mL by DPPH assay. For antibacterial activity against S. mutans, T. chebula Retz. extract possess high inhibitory effect on S. mutans in both planktonic form and biofilm form. The MIC50 and MBC value of an extract against planktonic form of S. mutans were 0.47±0.28 and 6.25 mg/mL, respectively. For biofilm form of S. mutans, the extract has a high capability to preventing biofilm formation and eradicating the existing biofilm. The MBIC50 and MBEC50 of an extract against biofilm form of S. mutants were 4.47±0.32 and 9.64±0.39 mg/mL, respectively
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    Liposomes Encapsulating Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. and Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Extracts: Characterization and Shelf Life of Freeze-Dried Vesicles
    (Research and Development Institute Suan Dusit University, 2020) Tasanee Panichakul; Piyawan Youdee; Nattaporn Boohuad; Khwunjit Itsarasook; Prasit Suwannalert; T. Panichakul; Department of Cosmetic Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Dusit University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand; email: tasanee_p@yahoo.com
    Liposome is the one way of encapsulation of extracts for reducing the extract degradation. This study was to prepare the liposome entrapped extracts of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. (L-Al), Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (L-Gg) alone and in combination of A. lakoocha and G. glabra extracts (L-AlGg). The liposomes were prepared by Mechanochemical method and freeze-drying. For stability of liposomes, storage at 4, 25 and 45¡C for 8 weeks was performed. The trapping efficiency of liposomes and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of extracts entrapped in liposome were investigated. Results showed liposome morphology was the spherical vesicles evaluated by TEM. Before freeze-drying, liposomes had particle sizes of 156.966 ± 0.808, 140.8 ± 0.818 and 158.633 ± 4.193 nm for L-Al, L-Gg and L-AlGg, respectively. The entrapment efficiency of L-Al, L-Gg and L-AlGg was found to be 95.83 ± 13.48, 97.99 ± 5.23 and 93.90 ± 16.28 %, respectively. The tyrosinase inhibitory activities of released extracts from L-Al, L-Gg and L-AlGg were 81.57 ± 1.22, 68.92 ± 1.23 and 81.40 ± 0.64 %, respectively. After freeze-drying, the particle sizes of L-Al and L-AlGg were no significant changes, while L-Gg particle size was bigger (p < 0.01). The liposome entrapment and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of released extracts were not significantly changed after freeze-drying. This indicates good stability and no extract leakage of liposomes. In storage at 4¡C for 8 weeks, the entrapment efficiency of L-Al, L-Gg, L-AlGg and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of released extracts were not significantly different, comparing with controls. When increasing temperature of storage effected on the significantly reduction of the entrapment of liposomes and the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of released extracts (p < 0.01). Therefore, the freeze-dried liposome and storage at low temperature is recommended for stabilizing liposome and extract quality. © 2020, Research and Development Institute Suan Dusit University. All rights reserved.
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    Liposomes Encapsulating Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. and Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Extracts: Characterization and Shelf Life of Freeze-Dried Vesicles
    (Graphicsite, 2023-09-26) Tasanee Panichakul; Piyawan Youdee; Nattaporn Boohuad; Khwunjit Itsarasook; Prasit Suwannalert
    Liposome is the one way of encapsulation of extracts for reducing the extract degradation. This study was to prepare the liposome entrapped extracts of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. (L-Al), Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (L-Gg) alone and in combination of A. lakoocha and G. glabra extracts (L-AlGg). The liposomes were prepared by Mechanochemical method and freeze-drying. For stability of liposomes, storage at 4, 25 and 45°C for 8 weeks was performed. The trapping efficiency of liposomes and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of extracts entrapped in liposome were investigated. Results showed liposome morphology was the spherical vesicles evaluated by TEM. Before freeze-drying, liposomes had particle sizes of 156.966 ± 0.808, 140.8 ± 0.818 and 158.633 ± 4.193 nm for L-Al, L-Gg and L-AlGg, respectively. The entrapment efficiency of L-Al, L-Gg and L-AlGg was found to be 95.83 ± 13.48, 97.99 ± 5.23 and 93.90 ± 16.28 %, respectively. The tyrosinase inhibitory activities of released extracts from L-Al, L-Gg and L-AlGg were 81.57 ± 1.22, 68.92 ± 1.23 and 81.40 ± 0.64 %, respectively. After freeze-drying, the particle sizes of L-Al and L-AlGg were no significant changes, while L-Gg particle size was bigger (p < 0.01). The liposome entrapment and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of released extracts were not significantly changed after freezedrying. This indicates good stability and no extract leakage of liposomes. In storage at 4°C for 8 weeks, the entrapment efficiency of L-Al, L-Gg, L-AlGg and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of released extracts were not significantly different, comparing with controls. When increasing temperature of storage effected on the significantly reduction of the entrapment of liposomes and the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of released extracts (p < 0.01). Therefore, the freeze-dried liposome and storage at low temperature is recommended for stabilizing liposome and extract quality.
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    Preparation and Adsorption Properties of a Biosorbent from Banana Peel for Use as Natural Vitamin Beads in Cosmetic Products
    (Research and Development Institute Suan Dusit University, 2022) Pornpassanan Dechprasitichok; Tasanee Panichakul; Khwunjit Itsarasook; Napaporn Boonthoem; Christoph Sontag; Sanchai Luachan; P. Dechprasitichok; Faculty of Science, Suan Dusit University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand; email: paunpassanan_dec@dusit.ac.th
    The purpose of this research was to produce natural vitamin beads using a biosorbent from banana peel as an alternative to plastic vitamin beads for use in cosmetic products. The new biosorbents could be prepared by an extraction process in combination with a hydrothermal technique and physical processing. The biosorbent material has high fiber content, up to 45.25% by weight, particle sizes in the range of 10-160 _m, with a specific surface area of 21.5 m2/g and a point of zero charge at pH 6.83. It has a high cellulose crystallinity index (Icr) equal to 59.2%. It could be manufactured with a yield of 8.85%. The study on the adsorption equilibrium of this biosorbent material showed that the Langmuir isotherm fits better for the adsorption process (R2 = 0.9912) than the Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.9532) which presented a monolayer surface adsorption mechanism confirmed by XRD of vitamin C from released solution. The biosorbent from banana peel has an effective adsorption capacity for vitamin C (5% solution) of 545 mg/g and the release efficiency of vitamin C was 80% in water. In addition, an increase of adsorption capacity from 27 to 50 ¡C showed that the adsorption reaction between the biosorbent and vitamin C was endothermic. We have concluded that biosorbent from banana peel can be prepared by a hydrothermal method that is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. This biosorbent material can be used as a natural alternative to polyethylene beads for vitamin C release in cosmetic products for antioxidant effect. The product from this research is a new category that combines natural materials with active ingredients to be used in cosmetic applications to ensure health safety and environmental protection. © 2022, Research and Development Institute Suan Dusit University. All rights reserved.
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    Preparation and Adsorption Properties of a Biosorbent from Banana Peel for Use as Natural Vitamin Beads in Cosmetic Products
    (Graphicsite, 2023-09-26) Pornpassanan Dechprasitichok; Tasanee Panichakul; Khwunjit Itsarasook; Napaporn Boonthoem; Christoph Sontag; Sanchai Luachan
    The purpose of this research was to produce natural vitamin beads using a biosorbent from banana peel as an alternative to plastic vitamin beads for use in cosmetic products. The new biosorbents could be prepared by an extraction process in combination with a hydrothermal technique and physical processing. The biosorbent material has high fiber content, up to 45.25% by weight, particle sizes in the range of 10-160 μm, with a specific surface area of 21.5 m2/g and a point of zero charge at pH 6.83. It has a high cellulose crystallinity index (Icr) equal to 59.2%. It could be manufactured with a yield of 8.85%. The study on the adsorption equilibrium of this biosorbent material showed that the Langmuir isotherm fits better for the adsorption process (R2 = 0.9912) than the Freundlich isotherm (R2= 0.9532) which presented a monolayer surface adsorption mechanism confirmed by XRD of vitamin C from released solution. The biosorbent from banana peel has an effective adsorption capacity for vitamin C (5% solution) of 545 mg/g and the release efficiency of vitamin C was 80% in water. In addition, an increase of adsorption capacity from 27 to 50 °C showed that the adsorption reaction between the biosorbent and vitamin C was endothermic. We have concluded that biosorbent from banana peel can be prepared by a hydrothermal method that is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. This biosorbent material can be used as a natural alternative to polyethylene beads for vitamin C release in cosmetic products for antioxidant effect. The product from this research is a new category that combines natural materials with active ingredients to be used in cosmetic applications to ensure health safety and environmental protection.
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    Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of Octyl Methoxycinnamate (OMC)-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) by Using a Microemulsion Technique
    (Research and Development Institute Suan Dusit University, 2022) Khwunjit Itsarasook; Piyanuch Prompamorn; Surapa Modsuwan; Jittarawadee Tanghiranrat; Orapin Komutiban; Woraphot Haritakun; Jantharat Wutisatwongkul; Kanlayaporn Chantree; K. Itsarasook; Faculty of Science and Technology, Suphanburi Campus, Suan Dusit University, Suphanburi, 72000, Thailand; email: khwunjit_its@dusit.ac.th
    This research prepared the solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) based on microemulsion to load octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC) as a UV absorber for instability protection. The optimal microemulsion formulation was selected by visual assessment according to a transparent and thermodynamically system form. The optimal microemulsion obtained from the experiment composed of 10% w/w glyceryl monostearate (GMS, solid lipid), 10% w/w Tween 80 (surfactant), 15% w/w PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil (surfactant) and 20% w/w ethanol (co-surfactant). Various processing parameters for the preparation of SLN was carried out using three factors including, 1) warm microemulsion (mL) and iced water ratio (mL), 2) homogenization speed (rpm) and 3) homogenization time (min) and two responses assessed were particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) to obtain a SLNs batch with smaller particle size and optimum PDI. The OMC-loaded SLN had 693.07± 0.05 nm mean particle size and 0.56±0.04 PDI, prepared by optimal processing parameters. The surface morphology of the SLNs was assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the result found that OMC-loaded SLN showed a smooth surface and spherical shape. Entrapment efficiency of OMC-loaded SLN was found to be 99.89±0.020%. The stability testing of the prepared SLN was studied. Result found that OMC-loaded SLN showed slightly lower stable compared with the initial condition. All obtained results indicated that this method and processing parameters can prepare the SLNs which was suitable for cosmetic application. © 2022, Research and Development Institute Suan Dusit University. All rights reserved.
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    Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of Octyl Methoxycinnamate (OMC)-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) by Using a Microemulsion Technique
    (Graphicsite, 2023-09-26) Khwunjit Itsarasook; Piyanuch Prompamorn; Surapa Modsuwan; Jittarawadee Tanghiranrat; Orapin Komutiban; Woraphot Haritakun; Jantharat Wutisatwongkul; Kanlayaporn Chantree
    This research prepared the solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) based on microemulsion to load octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC) as a UV absorber for instability protection. The optimal microemulsion formulation was selected by visual assessment according to a transparent and thermodynamically system form. The optimal microemulsion obtained from the experiment composed of 10% w/w glyceryl monostearate (GMS, solid lipid), 10% w/w Tween 80 (surfactant), 15% w/w PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil (surfactant) and 20% w/w ethanol (co-surfactant). Various processing parameters for the preparation of SLN was carried out using three factors including, 1) warm microemulsion (mL) and iced water ratio (mL), 2) homogenization speed (rpm) and 3) homogenization time (min) and two responses assessed were particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) to obtain a SLNs batch with smaller particle size and optimum PDI. The OMC-loaded SLN had 693.07± 0.05 nm mean particle size and 0.56±0.04 PDI, prepared by optimal processing parameters. The surface morphology of the SLNs was assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the result found that OMC-loaded SLN showed a smooth surface and spherical shape. Entrapment efficiency of OMC-loaded SLN was found to be 99.89±0.020% . The stability testing of the prepared SLN was studied. Result found that OMC-loaded SLN showed slightly lower stable compared with the initial condition. All obtained results indicated that this method and processing parameters can prepare the SLNs which was suitable for cosmetic application.
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    Utilization of Natural Polymer Wall Materials in Strategies for Health-Effective Lycopene Encapsulation
    (2023-08-23) Khwunjit Itsarasook
    The effects of boiling and steaming times on physicochemical properties of unripe banana (Musa ABBcv.KluaiNamwa)pulpandunripebananaflourwereinvestigated. Unripe bananas were boiled or steamed by using boiling water for 15, 30 and 45 min and compared unheated (raw) banana acted as a control. The hardness ofunripebananapulpsignificantlydecreasedwithboilingandsteamingtimesfrom36.73 N to 24.29 and 22.97 N, respectively (p< 0.05). However, pulp brightness (L*) from both processes decreased with heating time (p< 0.05). Ash and soluble dietaryfiberofunripebananaflourshowedmarkedlyincreaseswithheatingtime.Whereasfat,protein,totaldietaryfiber,insolubledietaryfibercontentandresistantstarch content of the pulp decreased inversely with the boiling and steaming time. The boiling and steaming process caused the decreased pasting temperature (from about 87.23 to 67.70°C). While, breakdown and setback viscosity of unripe banana flourincreasedto37.46and56.13RVU,respectively.Totalphenoliccontent(TPC)and antioxidant activity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH; and Ferric reducing antioxidantpower,FRAP)oftheflourincreaseddirectlywithboilingandsteamingtime. Results indicated that the increase in antioxidant activity shown by DPPH andFRAPvaluesofheatedbananaflourcorrespondedtoanincreaseinphenoliccompounds.Finally,boiledbananaflourhadhigherTPC,DPPHandFRAPvaluesthansteamedbananaflour.Thefindingscanpromotetheapplicationofboiledandsteamedbananaflourasabeneficialingredientinthefoodindustry