Research and development institute

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Browsing Research and development institute by Author "Dusit Angthararuk"

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    Formation of Rice Bran Glycosphingolipids Microemulsion Powders with Vitamin B1, B2, B12, and Folate as Additives for Elderly Food
    (Graphicsite, 2024-12-18) Junjarus Sermsathanaswadi; Siwawit Buasuwan; Dusit Angthararuk; Rittipun Rungruang
    This research investigated the extraction of glycosphingolipids from rice bran as an emulsifier to form microemulsions with vitamins B1, B2, B12 and folate being added to prepare the emulsion powder as the dietary supplement materials. Rice bran, a low-value agricultural material, was used as raw material for glycosphingolipids extraction using a solvent mixed between dichloromethane and methanol at a ratio of 2:1. The crude extract was observed in physical characteristics. The sphingosine in crude extract was analyzed by spectrophotometer technique. The emulsion was prepared using a mixture of crude extract, Polysorbate 80 and coconut oil. The average particle size of the emulsion was determined using Particle Size Analyzer. The emulsion was made into powder using various drying methods including hot air drying, spray drying and freeze-drying method. The mannan-oligosaccharides were used as an additive to replace the expensive mannitol or the energy-producing sucrose. The distribution property in distilled water of the emulsion powder was determined. The morphology and the surface of the powder emulsion were measured using SEM. The resistance to the imitation of the digestive system and encapsulation efficiency were determined. After extraction, the yield of crude glycosphingolipids extract from rice bran was 20.65%. The crude extract was a clear liquid, slightly yellow, insoluble in water and looks like oil. We found that the crude extract contained sphingosine 22.75 micrograms/gram of crude extract from rice bran. When the emulsion was prepared, the characteristic of the emulsion showed the colloidal solution with a milky white color. The size of the emulsion without vitamins and with vitamins B1, B2, B12, and folate (total 100 ppm) were 70-75 nm and 74.4 -78.1 nm, respectively. This result illustrated that the emulsion was classified as glycosphingolipid microemulsion. The emulsion powder was prepared and we found that the hot air drying and spray drying methods showed a viscous liquid with an oily smell. Whereas the freeze-drying method created the form of a light yellow, odorless and fine emulsion powder. The average particle size of emulsion was 80-100 nm. The solubility test showed that the emulsion powder was able to dissolve up to 300 g/L and 450 g/L at 25°C and 70°C, respectively. The morphological analysis showed that the powder emulsion was quite spherical with a diameter of less than 100 micrometers. In a simulated digestive system test, it was found that glycosphingolipid emulsion releases all vitamins in gastric simulated fluids and simulated small intestinal fluid conditions with values greater than 80%.
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    Local Production and Characterization of Biochar from Bamboo Waste and the Removal of Natural Organic Matter from Nakhon Nayok River, Thailand
    (Graphicsite, 2023-09-26) Dusit Angthararuk; Sasamol Phasuk; Pannraphat Takolpuckdee
    The objective of this research was to produce a biochar from bamboo handicraft waste via pyrolysis process using a modified 200 L steel drum kiln. The temperature outside the kiln-producing biochar appeared around 500-600°C, closely related to the temperature of slow pyrolysis. The physical and chemical properties of bamboo biochar (BB) were characterized by using proximate and ultimate analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area techniques, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy coupled with an energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. It was found that 28.76 ± 2.22% of BB yield with 77.07 ± 1.92 % fixed carbon. As the morphology properties, its surface area and total pore were 247.5 ± 7.1 m2 g-1 and 0.16 ± 0.02 cm3 g-1, respectively. Batch test for removal of natural organic matter (NOM) in Nakhon Nayok River, by adsorbed on BB was studied. The results showed that the percentage reduction of dissolve organic matter (DOC) and absorbance at 254 nm at equilibrium were 71.33 ± 1.46 and 76.51 ± 2.01, respectively, while the adsorption capacity was 4.75 mg.g-1 DOC. Pseudo-second order kinetic model was best suited for describing the adsorption of DOC onto BB. This suggests that interaction of NOM on BB were explored in terms of multicomponent adsorption, which the heterogeneous distribution of the adsorptive sites at biochar surfaces. It was found that biochar is suitable for the adsorption of NOM from surface water and is a low-cost effective adsorbent in the treatment of wastewater. Biochar can be applied for a variety of purposes for example: as biofuels, adsorbents and as soil amendments. In addition, the biochar kiln is small and easy to create, creates no smoke, inexpensive, easy to use, does not take much time to produce and has an eco-friendly processing.