Glenn S. BaxterGraham Wild2025-03-102025-03-102021International Encyclopedia of Transportation: Volume 1-7978-008102672-4; 978-008102671-710.1016/B978-0-08-102671-7.10114-92-s2.0-85151173150https://repository.dusit.ac.th//handle/123456789/4710Air cargo or air freight is an essential element of the global aviation industry, and with the growth of e-commerce and greater internationalization it will continue to grow, along with passenger transportation. Safety in aviation in general is a corner stone of the industry, and this is also true for air cargo operations, which regularly involves the transportation of dangerous goods by air. To facilitate this, international organizations have specified regulatory requirements and technical guidelines. The nature of the air freight, including the historical trends and the key players in the global supply chain, in addition to the requirements for the transportation of dangerous goods by air, are discussed herein. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reservedAll Open Access; Green Open AccessAir cargoAir freightAirlinesAll-cargo airlinesAviation safetyDangerous goodsDangerous goods regulationsFreighter aircraftHazardous goodsBook chapterScopus